2010-2017年考研英语试卷一翻译答案难度解析与新增大纲词汇
一、2010年考研英语试卷一翻译答案难度解析
2010年考研英语翻译真题及答案解析
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance.
When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it .We invert excuses to give it economic importance. At the beginning of century songbirds were supposed to be disappearing. (46) Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them. the evidence had to be economic in order to be valid.
It is painful to read these round about accounts today. We have no land ethic yet, (47) but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.
A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds. (48) Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on "worthless" species.
Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly, or have too low a sale vale to pay as timber crops. (49) In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.
To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided. (50) It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning. It assumes, falsely, I think, that the economic parts of the biotic clock will function without the uneconomic parts.
答案解析
Part C (10 points)
46 . 科学家们赶紧拿出某些明显站不住脚的证据来补救，大致说的是如果鸟儿 不能控制昆虫数量的话，昆虫就会把我们吃光。
47. 但是我们至少更倾向于承认这样一种观点：那就是鸟儿的生存是它们的固 有权利，不管其存在与否对我们是否有经济利益。
48. 曾几何时，生物学家似乎过度使用了以下这条证据：这些生物是为了维持 食物链的正常运行去捕食弱小的生物或只捕食“没有价值的”物种。
49 . 在生态林业较为先进的欧洲，没有成为商业化对象的树种被视为原始森林 群落的成员适当地加以保护。
50 . 这个系统容易忽视并最终消灭陆地群落中很多缺乏商业价值的物种，然而 这些物种对于整个生物群落的健康运行是至关重要的。
二、2017年考研英语试卷一翻译答案难度解析
46、艾伦的贡献在于提供了我们能分担和揭示错误性质的假设--因为我们不是机器人，因此我们能够控制我们的理想
47、我们可以单独通过意识维持控制的感觉，但实际上我们一直面临着一个问题，为什么我不能完成这件事情或那件事情
48、这似乎可能为必要时的忽视正名，也能合理说明剥削，以及在顶层的人的优越感及处于后层人们的劣势感
49、环境似乎是为了挑选出我们的强者，而且如果我们感觉受了委屈，那么我们就不可能有意识的做出努力逃离我们原来的处境
50、正面在于我们处于这样的位置，知道所有事情都取决与我们自己，之前我们对着一系列的限制，而现在我们成了权威
三、2017年考研英语试卷一翻译答案难度解析
46. 在物理学领域，有一种方法将这种“万物归一的冲动”推向了极致，它试图探寻到能解释一切的，最底层的公式。
47. 在这一点上，达尔文学说似乎给人们提供了准则， 如果所有人种同宗同源，那么 “文化多样性也能追溯到更为单一的源头”的假定也就不无道理了。
48. 将偶发的和独特的从这些共性中筛除掉能够让我们了解文化行为的复杂起源以及是什么在发展中或认知过程中指导我们。
49. 第二，乔舒亚。格林贝格采用了一个更加经验主义的方法来解释普遍性;他认为许多语言都共有特性，(尤其是在语序上);这些特性被认为代表了由认知限制所带来的偏见;
50. 乔姆斯基的语法应该表现了语言改变的模式，该模式是独立于家谱也独立于贯穿家谱的路径，而格林伯根的统一性理论则预言了不同种语序关系之间的强烈的相互依存性。
四、2017年考研英语试卷一翻译答案难度解析
(46) Yet when one looks at the photographs of the garden created by the homeless, it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.
然而，当我们看到这样的照片，看到那些无家可归者所创造的花园之时，感到了深深的震撼：尽管它们风格多样，但这些花园道出了其他的根本需求，而非停留在装饰美化或是创造性表达。
(47)A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need.
它是一个和平的圣地，不管它有多么粗陋，但它明显是一种人类的需求，与收容所迥异，收容所明显是一种动物的需求。
(48) The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce from into an urban environment where it either didn't exist or was not discernible as such.
无家可归者的花园实际上是无人问津的花园，它们是引入到城市环境中的一种建筑类型，它要么不存在，要么本身不易识别。
(49)most of us give into a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in garden and feel the oppression vanish as if by magic.
多数人会陷入精神萎靡，我们通常把这种萎靡归咎于某种心理状态，直到有一天，我们发现自己身处花园，感到压力全无，如魔力驱使一般。
(50)It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden though in a "liberated" sense, to describe these synthetic constructions.
正是这种与大自然之间的或明或暗的关联使花园这个词--虽然指的是"广义"上的花园--恰如其分的形容了这些人造建筑。
五、考研英语新增大纲词汇
历年考研英语大纲新增词汇汇总下载地址：http://wenku.baidu.com/view/78ee9c218e9951e79b8927f1.html
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